Modulation of Aging in Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Roselle Petal Extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)

Abstract

Cellular aging drives diseases. Free radicals are called the main cause of cellular aging. Antioxidants can protect the body from free radical attack by reducing its negative effects. An antioxidant source can be obtained from plants, such as roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa. L). This research was conducted to analyze the ability of roselle petals extract to increase the life span of model organisms Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741. The IC₅₀ value of extract-derived antioxidant activity based on DPPH and ABTS assays were 367,6 ppm and 921,4 ppm, respectively. Antioxidant and antiaging tests were performed in vivo via spot assay. The result showed that the roselle petals extract-treated groups had the ability to extend the life span of yeast BY4741 under normal and oxidative stress conditions. This is also supported by the mitochondrial activity of BY4741 with roselle petals extract-treated group higher than those without the extract treatment. The 300 ppm concentration was chosen as the best concentration of roselle petals extract to increase the life span in yeast. Interestingly, important gene to regulate aging in yeast (SIR2) as well as oxidative stress response genes (GPX1 and GLR1) were significantly up-regulated in yeast cells treated with 300 ppm roselle extract, as revealed via Real-time quantitative analysis. These results suggest that roselle petals extract exhibits antiaging effects likely via regulation of anti-oxidative stress and aging genes.