Bioassay Guided Isolation of Antibacterial Compounds from Andrographis paniculata
- 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Science, Malaysia
- 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang DM, Malaysia
- 3 School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Kulliyyah of Science and Technology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Abstract
Problem statement: Chronic disease-causing bacteria of medical importance have developed resistance to antibiotics, hence, necessitating distinct and constant need for safe and efficient therapeutic agents. Plants are considered potent candidate for this aim. A way out of reducing antibiotic resistance and adverse effects on host is the employment of antibiotic resistance inhibitors of plant origin. Approach: About 5 kg pulverized Andrographis paniculata whole plant was macerated with MeOH at room temperature to get 305 g freeze dried MeOH extract. The bioautography of MeOH extract using Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis as indicator organisms revealed the presence of two potent antibacterial compounds. MeOH extract was further fractionated and purified by silica gel column chromatography which led to the isolation of a diterpene lactone and an entlabdane diterpene glycoside upon crystallization with absolute ethanol. Results: Two antibacterial compounds viz., 3-O-β-D-glucosyl-14-deoxyandrographolide and 14-deoxyandrographolide were successfully isolated and characterized. Their structures were exclusively elucidated through spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, 1H- and 13C NMR). Conclusion: A. paniculata possesses antibacterial activity and could be potential source of a new class of antibiotics that might be useful for infectious disease chemotherapy and control.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2011.525.534
Copyright: © 2011 Abubakar Sule, Qamar Uddin Ahmed, Othman Abd. Samah, Muhammad Nor Omar, Norazian M. Hassan, Laina Zarisa M. Kamal and M. Ambar Yarmo. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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Keywords
- Andrographis paniculata
- bioassay-guided isolation
- antibacterial compounds